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Review Article

Decoding the Pharmacokinetic Landscape of Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery: A Systematic Review

Authors

  • Sarhan Rashid Department of Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Wasit University, Wasit, Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3349-4556

    salzaiyaadi@uowasit.edu.iq

  • Asmaa Khadhim Chafla Department of Cosmetic and Laser Techniques, College of Medical and Health Technologgies, University of Kut, Wasit, Iraq

Abstract

Nanoparticles have revolutionized drug delivery through enhanced targeting and regulated release.   Maximizing efficacy and safety relies on an understanding of their pharmacokinetics (PK). This comprehensive review, adhering to Cochrane Collaboration criteria, consolidates current understanding of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of nanoparticles, focusing on factors that affect their pharmacokinetic characteristics and translational challenges. In this review, we look at the latest improvements in how PNPs are made and used, as well as how they spread in the body for toxicology, medicine, and pharmaceutical uses, using different organic materials like biopolymers, synthetic polymers, inorganic compounds, and new composite systems that can repair themselves. The different types of formulations can be effectively developed to address issues related to creating new organic materials that are large, hard for cells to take in, and not very compatible with the body. The guidelines used in this study are those from PRISMA, Overall, we found 144 scientific studies. Rounding up, 41 studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria were assessed to check for possible biases. As we concluded These NP pharmacokinetic events are fundamentally related to NP design. A practical understanding and control of NP design parameters is likely to pave the path for designing successful NPs. This article suggests that having a clear understanding and control of NP design factors can help move NP-based treatments closer to being used in hospitals. We present the NP design parameter problem as follows: We ‘predict as a feasible range’ the pharmacokinetic landscape of a synthesised NP platform containing design parameters from historical datasets of NP anatomical distributions.

Keywords:

Bio-Interactions Clinical Translation Dimensionality Reduction Drug Delivery In Vitro Assay Platforms Nanomedicine Nanoparticle Design Parameters Nanoparticles Pharmacokinetics Therapeutic Nanoparticles

Article information

Journal

Journal of Medical Science, Biology, and Chemistry

Volume (Issue)

2(1), (2025)

Pages

130-148

Published

21-06-2025

How to Cite

Rashid, S., & Chafla, A. K. (2025). Decoding the Pharmacokinetic Landscape of Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery: A Systematic Review. Journal of Medical Science, Biology, and Chemistry, 2(1), 130-148. https://doi.org/10.69739/jmsbc.v2i1.626

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