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Research Article

GC-MS Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of the Essential Oil Constituents from the Dried Leaves of Gossypium arboreum LINN

Authors

  • Delight Tobilola Adesanwo Department of Chemical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6114-6367
  • Babajide Joseph Adisa Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • Daniel Ayodele Idowu Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3286-0976

    idowudaniel284@gmail.com

  • Benjamin Madji Larweh Department of Biological Sciences, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Kumasi, Ghana https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4714-2519
  • Bukola Phebe Oyedeji Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9474-505X
  • Agumage Idoko Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos State, Nigeria
  • Favour Segun Fabuyi Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9614-8265

Abstract

The name 'cotton plant' is actually used for four species in the genus Gossypium: G. birsutum L. barbadense L. G. arboreum L. G. berbaceum L. Alongside with their economic importance, the leaf, root, bark and seeds of Gossypium species have been widely explored for their medicinal values. G. arboreum possess wound healing and antioxidant properties. This study aims is to extract the essential oil of the dried leaves of Gossypium arboreum, determine the oil constituents, and assess the potential antioxidant activities of the oil. The essential oil from 150 g of air-dried leaves of Gossypium arboreum was obtained by hydrodistillation method in a Clevenger-type set up. The chemical constituents of the essential oil were analyzed by Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant activity of the essential oil was also evaluated using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) as the reagent and ascorbic acid as the standard. Results obtained was colourless and have a strong odour which was peculiar to the plant with a percentage yield of 0.05%. Twenty eight constituents representing 100% of the oil were identified from the GC-MC spectra. The major components of the essential oil were n-hexane (28.32%), 2-ethyloxetane (25.26%), pentane, 3-methyl (18.50%), and cyclopentane methyl (14.36%). Aliphatic hydrocarbon (66.25%), monoterpene hydrocarbons (3.21%), sesqueterpenoids (0.44%, oxygenated monoterpene (0.08%) and organosilicon compounds (0.38%) were the classes of compound found in the oil. Antioxidant activity at 517m of the essential oil of G. arboreum was investigated and the essential oil showed 71.70%, 81.53%, and 88.22% inhibition at concentrations 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg/mL respectively. In conclusion, some of the oil constituents such as limonene, γ-terpinene, and caryophyllene that are present in G. arboreum has its medicinal uses.

Keywords:

Antioxidant Clevenger DPPH Essential Oil Gossypium Arboreum Hydrodistillation Medicinal Plant

Article information

Journal

Journal of Medical Science, Biology, and Chemistry

Volume (Issue)

2(2), (2025)

Pages

180-185

Published

28-09-2025

How to Cite

Adesanwo, D. T., Adisa, B. J., Idowu, D. A., Larweh, B. M., Oyedeji, B. P., Idoko, A., & Fabuyi, F. S. (2025). GC-MS Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of the Essential Oil Constituents from the Dried Leaves of Gossypium arboreum LINN. Journal of Medical Science, Biology, and Chemistry, 2(2), 180-185. https://doi.org/10.69739/jmsbc.v2i2.954

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